  vinogradov-ia-vestnik-2022-2-ru.pdf |
- 11
- Time to rehabilitate. A new reading of Nikolai Gogol
- Vinogradov I.A. Time to rehabilitate. A new reading of Nikolai Gogol. Vestnik of Kostroma State University, 2022, vol. 28, № 2, pp. 84–92 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2022-28-2-84-92
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2022-28-2-84-92
- УДК: 821.161.1.09"19"
- EDN: EQVZIG
- Publish date: 2022-05-24
- Annotation: The article raises the problem of adequate understanding of the heritage of Nikolai Gogol. With regard to Nikolai Gogol’s works, the main problems of interpretation of the artistic image are analysed. The principles of text interpretation developed during the theological interpretation of the gospel parables in patristic practice, and certain provisions of the modern theory of the symbol of Aleksei Losev are formulated as basic ones. It is emphasised that the understanding of the ambiguity of the image does not contradict the idea of the presence in the work of art of the target “vector of meaning”, which expresses the author’s creative volitional intentions. In the scientific comprehension of the author’s intention, an important heuristic potential of a preliminary comprehensive study of the writer’s spiritual biography is noted. Almost a century-long dominance of radical atheistic ideology in Nikolai Gogol’s interpretations was reflected in the methodological helplessness and incompetence of science in understanding the legacy of that Christian artist. The process of scientific understanding of the artistic world of Nikolai Gogol, the development of objective criteria and methods of research is considered in the related context of important social processes of recent decades which are – wehope – the restoration of justice in the religious and legal spheres, the rehabilitation of numerous victims of previous political repression, the ongoing canonisation of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia.
- Keywords: Nikolai Gogol, biography, creative work, interpretation, symbol, image, parable, authorэs intention, meaning vector, social ideology, spiritual rehabilitation.
- Literature list: Belinskii V.G. Pedant. Literaturnyi tip [Pedant. Literary type]. Belinskii V.G. Polnoe sobranie sochinenii: v 13 tomakh [Complete Works: in 13 vols.]. Moscow, Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Publ., 1955, vol. 6, pp. 68–75. (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. Gogol' i Belinskii: K istorii polemiki [Gogol and Belinsky: On the history of controversy]. Gogolevedcheskie studii [Gogol studies studies], Nizhyn State Pedagogical University named after Nikolai Gogol, Gogol Scientific and Methodological Center. Nizhin, Without specifying the publisher Publ., 1999, issue 4, pp. 50–73. (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. Pervyi biograf Gogolia [The first biographer of Gogol]. Kulish P.A. Zapiski o zhizni Nikolaia Vasil'evicha Gogolia, sostavlennye iz vospominanii ego druzei i znakomykh i iz ego sobstvennykh pisem [Notes on the life of Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, composed from the memoirs of his friends and acquaintances and from his own letters], the publication was prepared by I.A. Vinogradov. Moscow, A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2003, pp. 3–81. (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. N.V. Gogol' i S.S. Uvarov: Pravoslavie, Samoderzhavie, Narodnost' [N.V. Gogol and S.S. Uvarov: Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality]. Dukhovnyi put' N.V. Gogolia: v 2 chastiakh [Spiritual path N.V. Gogol: in 2 parts], the authors-compilers V.A. Voropaev, I.A. Vinogradov. Part 2. Gogol in Russian religious and philosophical criticism. Moscow, Russkoe slovo Publ., 2009, pp. 184–227. (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. Gogol' v vospominaniiakh, dnevnikakh, perepiske sovremennikov. Polnyi sistematicheskii svod dokumental'nykh svidetel'stv. Nauchno-kriticheskoe izdanie: v 3 tomakh [Gogol in memoirs, diaries, correspondence of contemporaries. A complete systematic corpus of documentary evidence. Scientific critical edition: in 3 vols.]. Moscow, A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2011–2013. (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. Gogol' v Nezhinskoi gimnazii vysshikh nauk: Iz istorii obrazovaniia v Rossii. Nauchnoe izdanie [Gogol in the Nizhyn Gymnasium of Higher Sciences: From the History of Education in Russia. Scientific publication]. Moscow, A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2015. 352 p. (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. Neizvestnaia polemika N.V. Gogolia o nasledii M.Iu. Lermontova [Unknown controversy N.V. Gogol about the legacy of M.Yu. Lermontov]. Svetskaia i dukhovnaia slovesnost' v Rossii XVIII–XIX vekov. Nauchnoe izdanie [Secular and Spiritual Literature in Russia in the 18th–19th Centuries. Scientific publication], editor M.I. Shcherbakova, A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Moscow, A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2018, pp. 5–18. (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. “Kogda v tovarishchakh soglas'ia net...” A.S. Pushkin, N.V. Gogol', S.S. Uvarov [“When there is no agreement among comrades...” A.S. Pushkin, N.V. Gogol, S.S. Uvarov]. Dva veka russkoi klassiki [Two centuries of Russian classics], 2019, vol. 1, № 1, pp. 34–103. https://doi.org/10.22455/2686-7494-2019-1-1-34-103 (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. N.V. Gogol' i tsenzura. Vzaimootnosheniia khudozhnika i vlasti kak kliuchevaia problema gogolevskogo naslediia [N.V. Gogol and censorship. The relationship between the artist and the authorities as a key problem of Gogol's heritage]. Moscow, A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences Publ., 2021a. 864 p. https://doi.org/10.22455/2686-7494-2021-3-4-198-205 (In Russ.) Vinogradov I.A. Neizvestnye stroki zapisnoi knizhki N.V. Gogolia [Unknown lines of N.V. Gogol]. Vestnik Kostromskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Vestnik of the Kostroma State University], 2021b, vol. 27, № 3, pp. 86–91. https://doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2021-27-3-86-91 (In Russ.) Gladkov B.I. Tolkovanie Evangeliia [Gospel interpretation]. 2nd edition, revised and enlarged. St. Petersburg, Tipografiia tovarishchestva “Obshchestvennaia Pol'za” Publ., 1907. 718 p. (In Russ.) Gogol’ N. V. Bisavriuk, ili Vecher nakanune Ivana Kupala. Malorossiiskaia povest' (iz narodnogo predaniia), rasskazannaia d'iachkom Pokrovskoi tserkvi [Bisavryuk, or The Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala. Little Russian Story (from Folk Tradition), Narrated by the Clerk of the Intercession Church]. In: Otechestvennye Zapiski, 1830, part 41, February, no. 118, pp. 238–264. (a) (In Russ.) Gogol' N.V. Polnoe sobranie sochinenii i pisem: v 17 t. (15 kn.) [Complete works and letters in 17 vols. (15 books), compilation, preparation of texts and comments by I.A. Vinogradov, V.A. Voropaev. Moscow, Kiev, Moscow Patriarchy Publ., 2009–2010. (In Russ.) Grot Ia.K., Pletnev P.A. Perepiska Ia.K. Grota s P.A. Pletnevym: v 3 tomakh [Correspondence of Ya.K. Grotto with P.A. Pletnev: in 3 volumes], edited by K.Ya. Grot, ordinary professor at the Imperial University of Warsaw. St. Petersburg, Tipografiia Ministerstva Putei Soobshcheniia Publ., 1896, vol. 2. 968 p. (In Russ.) John Chrysostom, St. Tvoreniia sv. Ioanna Zlatousta [Creations of St. John Chrysostom]. St. Petersburg, Izdanie Sankt-Peterburgskoi Dukhovnoi Akademii Publ., 1901, vol. 7. 912 p. (In Russ.) Losev A.F. Problema simvola i realisticheskoe iskusstvo [The problem of the symbol and realistic art]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1976. 367 p. (In Russ.) Losev A.F. Problema simvola i realisticheskoe iskusstvo [The problem of the symbol and realistic art]. 2nd edition, revised, scientific edition by A.A. Tahoe-Godi. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1995. 320 p. (In Russ.) Sviashchennomuchenik Petr (Nikotin) i mucheniki Viktor (Frolov), Ioann (Rybin), Elizaveta (Kuranova), Nikolai (Kuz'min) [Hieromartyr Peter (Nikotin) and martyrs Victor (Frolov), John (Rybin), Elizaveta (Kuranova), Nikolai (Kuzmin)], compiled by Priest Maxim Maksimov. Zhitiia novomuchenikov i ispovednikov Rossiiskikh XX veka Moskovskoi eparkhii [Lives of the New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia of the 20th century of the Moscow Diocese], under the general editorship of the Chairman of the Synodal Commission for the Canonization of Saints Metropolitan of Krutitsy and Kolomna Yuvenaly. Tver', Izdatel'stvo «Bulat» Publ., 2005. Dopolnitel'nyi tom I, pp. 197–212. (In Russ.) Sviashchennomuchenik Sergii Uvitskii [Hieromartyr Sergius Uvitsky]. Zhitiia sviatykh Ekaterinburgskoi eparkhii [The Lives of the Saints of the Yekaterinburg Diocese], texts and photographs for the book were prepared by the Commission for the Canonization of Saints of the Yekaterinburg Diocese. Ekaterinburg, Informatsionno-izdatel'skii otdel Ekaterinburgskoi eparkhii Publ., 2008, pp. 25–42. (In Russ.) Takho-Godi A.A. A.F. Losev — filosof i simvolist sam po sebe [A.F. Losev is a philosopher and symbolist in his own right]. Losev A.F. Problema simvola i realisticheskoe iskusstvo [The problem of the symbol and realistic art], compilation, preparation of the text by A.A. Tahoe-Godi and V.P. Troitsky. Moscow, Russkii mir Publ., 2014, pp. 5–32. (In Russ.) Troitskii V.P. Primechaniia [Notes]. Losev A.F. Problema simvola i realisticheskoe iskusstvo [The problem of the symbol and realistic art], compilation, preparation of the text by A.A. Tahoe-Godi and V.P. Troitsky. Moscow, Russkii mir" Publ., 2014, pp. 715–720. (In Russ.) Utekhin N.P. Istoricheskie grani vechnykh istin («Master i Margarita» M. Bulgakova) [Historical facets of eternal truths (The Master and Margarita by M. Bulgakov)]. Sovremennyi sovetskii roman. Filosofskie aspekty [Modern Soviet novel. Philosophical Aspects], USSR Academy of Sciences, Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), executive editor V.A. Kovalev. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1979, pp. 194–224. (In Russ.) Theophylact of Bulgaria, blessed. Blagovestnik. Tolkovaniia na sviatye Evangeliia blazhennogo Feofilakta, arkhiepiskopa Bolgarskogo [Blagovestnik. Commentaries on the Holy Gospels of Blessed Theophylact, Archbishop of Bulgaria]. St. Petersburg, Knigoizdatel'stvo P.P. Soikina Publ., 1910. 768 p. (In Russ.) Iarotsin'skii Stefan. Debiussi, impressionizm i simvolizm [Debussy, Impressionism and Symbolism], translated from Polish by S.S. Popkova, general edition and introductory article by I.F. Belzy. Moscow, Progress Publ., 1978. 232 p. (In Russ.)