  kolesnikov-av-vestnik-2021-4-ru.pdf |
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- Introduction of food distribution in the conditions of the supply crisis before the revolution of 1917 (based on the materials of Kostroma Province)
- Kolesnikov V.A. Introduction of food distribution in the conditions of the supply crisis before the revolution of 1917 (based on the materials of Kostroma Province). Vestnik of Kostroma State University, 2021, vol. 27, № 4, pp. 35-38 (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2021-27-4-35-38
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2021-27-4-35-38
- УДК: 94(470)”1914/1918”
- Publish date: 2021-11-15
- Annotation: By the end of 1916, the food issue had been escalating in the Russian Empire. The Russian government faced the need to supply not only the army, but also the provinces with consuming bread, and the civilians were hostages of the transport crisis. The fixed prices for bread introduced in September 1916 led to the restriction of market trade. An important step in the state regulation of the bread market was the unfolding of bread. The article provides an analysis of food policy before the introduction of the unfolding. The food distribution of the tsarist government was an attempt to mobilise grain resources for the needs of the army and the civilians. The peculiarity of the reform was the combination of the principle of duty and payment of the product at a fixed price. The expansion is considered both from the all-Russia positions, taking into account the experience of grain-producing provinces, and in terms of Kostroma Province, which had lack of developed agriculture. The article pays special attention to the measures of local authorities. The governor, the zemstvo, the volost peasant gatherings were not ready to complete the tasks in full. The article concludes that the food distribution in the bread-consuming province, experiencing a crisis of planned supply, could not end successfully.
- Keywords: World War I, food issue, food distribution, planned supply, Alexander Rittich, zemstvo, province, Kostroma Province.
- Literature list: Gal'perina B.D. IV Gosudarstvennaja Duma (pjataja sessija) i poslednij ministr zemledelija [IV State Duma (fifth session) and the last Minister of agriculture]. Vestnik TvGU. Serija Istorija [Herald Of Tver State University. History Series], 2014, № 3, pp. 34–52. (In Russ.) Kitanina T.M. Vojna, hleb i revoljucija (prodovol'stvennyj vopros v Rossii. 1914 – oktjabr' 1917 g.) [War, bread and revolution (food issue in Russia. 1914-October 1917)]. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1985, 384 p. (In Russ.) Kondrat'ev N.D. Rynok hlebov i ego regulirovanie vo vremja vojny i revoljucii. [Bread Market and its regulation during the war and revolution]. Istoricheskie materialy [Historical materials]. URL: http://istmat.info/node/25342 (access date: 24.10.2021). (In Russ.) Macuzato Kimitaka. Prodrazvjorstka A.A. Rittiha [A.A. Rittikh 's food distribution]. Acta Slavica Iaponica. Sapporo, 1995, vol. 13, pp. 167–183. (In Russ.) Os'kin M.V. Prodovol'stvennaja politika Rossii nakanune fevralja 1917 goda: poisk vyhoda iz krizisa [Food policy of Russia on the eve of February 1917: search for a way out of the crisis]. Rossijskaja istorija [Russian history], 2011, № 3, pp. 53–66. (In Russ.) Sidorov A.L. Jekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii v gody Pervoj mirovoj vojny [The economic situation of Russia during the First World War]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1973, 493 p. (In Russ.)