- 7
- Aleksey N. Malinka
- Military training and research centre of the Land forces "Combined arms Academy of the Order of Zhukov of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation"
- Aleksey V. Anisimov
- Military training and research centre of the Land forces "Combined arms Academy of the Order of Zhukov of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation"
- Aleksandr K. Kartashov
- Marshal of the Soviet Union Timoshenko Military Academy of Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defence
- Chemical support of troops during World War II
- Malinka A.N., Anisimov A.V., Kartashov A.K. Chemical support of troops during World War II. Vestnik of Kostroma State University, 2020, vol. 26, № 2, рp. 77–82. DOI 10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-2-77-82
- DOI:
10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-2-77-82
- УДК:
623.45(470.315)”1941/1942’’
- Publish date:
2020-03-11
- Annotation:
When it attacked the USSR, Nazi Germany possessed significant chemical weapons. Chemical support thus became one of the main kinds of operational (combat) support. Short-term course has been created for chemical service commanders and personnel chemical specialists training. The Red Army’s general attention was paid to the chemical defence measures, to eliminate the enemy manpower, weapons and military equipment by use of the flamethrower and incendiary means, smoke screens were used to mask. Chemical detection and the prevention of chemical weapons use involved chemical, meteorological monitoring; chemical reconnaissance was provided mostly by chemical troops. It took a lot to provide troops with necessary chemical defence means. The flamethrowers` mission was to burn the enemy out of long-term fire facilities and fortified buildings, to block strongholds, and to destroy tanks and armoured personnel carriers. Smoke screens were used to mask rear objects, important industrial facilities in cities, railway junctions, bridges and crossings. Smoke screens masking significantly reduced the effectiveness of German air force bombing.
- Keywords:
chemical weapons, chemical defence, chemical support, chemical service, flamethrower and incendiary means, masking smoke.
- Literature list:
Boevoi opyt khimicheskikh voisk i khimicheskoi sluzhby v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine. Sbornik primerov [Combat experience of chemical troops and chemical service in the Great Patriotic war. Collection of examples]. Moscow, Voenizdat Publ., 1989, 146 p. (In Russ.).
Bureev V.I. Boevoe ispol'zovanie voisk khimicheskoi zashchity v operatsiiakh Shestogo Stalinskogo udara v kampanii 1944 g. Otchet [Combat use of chemical protection troops in the operations of the Sixth Stalinist strike in the campaign of 1944. Report]. Moscow, VAKhZ Publ., 1951, 42 p. (In Russ.).
Vremennaia instruktsiia po obespecheniiu protivokhimicheskoi zashchity voisk sluzhbami Krasnoi Armii [Temporary instructions for providing chemical protection of troops by Krasnoi Army services]. Moscow, Voenizdat Publ., 1942, 149 p. (In Russ.).
Voiska RKhB zashchity [The troops of NBC protection]. Moscow, Military university of RHB protection Publ., 1999, 174 p. (In Russ.).
Voiska RKhB zashchity [The troops of NBC protection]. Moscow, Military university of RHB protection Publ., 2000, 154 p. (In Russ.).
Dmitriev D.M., Iakubov V.E. Boevoi opyt khimicheskikh voisk i khimicheskoi sluzhby v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine (1941–1945 gg.) [Combat experience of chemical troops and chemical service in the Great Patriotic war (1941–1945)]. Moscow, Voenizdat publ., 1989, 114 p. (In Russ.).
Istoriia khimicheskikh voisk i khimicheskoi sluzhby Sovetskoi Armii (1918–1945 gg.) [History of chemical troops and chemical service of the Soviet Army (1918–1945)]. Part 1. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1983, 94 p. (In Russ.).
Korotkov B.C., Vasil'ev S.N. i dr. Sredstva zashchity organov dykhaniia cheloveka [Means of protection of respiratory organs of man]. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1965, 132 p. (In Russ.).
Kalitaev A.N., Baranaev M.K. i dr. Khimicheskoe oruzhie veroiatnogo protivnika [Chemical weapons of a possible enemy]. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1977, 218 p. (In Russ.).
Krasil'nikov M.V., Petrov G.I. Istoriia khimicheskoi sluzhby i voisk khimicheskoi zashchity Sovetskoi Armii [History of the chemical service and chemical protection troops of the Soviet Army]. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1958, 135 p. (In Russ.).
Petrov G.I. Khimicheskaia sluzhba Sovetskoi Armii v Velikoi Otechestvennoi voine [Chemical service of the Soviet Army in the Great Patriotic war]. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1948, 132 p. (In Russ.).
Razvitie iskusstva podgotovki i vedeniia oborony v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny [Development of the art of preparing and conducting defense during the Great Patriotic war]. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1992, 84 p. (In Russ.).
Skibinskii N.P., Osipenko V.E. Razvitie vooruzheniia i organizatsii khimicheskikh voisk v gody vtoroi mirovoi voiny [Development of armament and organization of chemical troops during the Second World war]. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1994, 101 p. (In Russ.).
Sysoev I.T. Khimicheskoe obespechenie Berlinskoi nastupatel'noi operatsii 1945 g. Otchet [Chemical support for the Berlin offensive in 1945. Report]. Moscow, Military Academy of chemical protection Publ., 1952, 34 p. (In Russ.).
- Author's info:
Malinka Aleksey Nikolaevich, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Military training and research centre of the Land forces "Combined arms Academy of the Order of Zhukov of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", Moscow, Russia E-mail: ovavcrf@mail.ru
- Co-author's info:
Anisimov Alexey Vladimirovich, Military training and research centre of the Land forces "Combined arms Academy of the Order of Zhukov of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", Moscow, Russia E-mail: ovavcrf@mail.ru
- Co-author's info:
Kartashov Alexander Konstantinovich, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, S.K. Military Academy of Radiation, Chemical and Biological Protection named after Marshal of the Soviet Union Tymoshenko, Kostroma, Russia E-mail: alexandrkartashov70@mail.ru
Malinka